6 AP World History 24 November 2012 Chapter 14-15 Outline Great Khan Ogodei told his.Home Blog the earth and its peoples ap edition notes FEBRUARY 26, 2021. It’s constricted in front and at the sides.Get Free Ap World History The Earth And Its Peoples 4th Edition. The text has been rewritten to improve coverage of the early Americas, Russia, the. Special emphasis is given to technology and how technological development underlies all human activity. Its transverse diameter is more in relation to the anteroposterior diameter.The Earth and Its Peoples is a truly global text that employs a fundamental themethe interaction of human beings and the environmentas a point of comparison for different times, places, and societies.The length of the body is somewhat greater anteriorly. Outlines up World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 4th Edition Outlines. The size of the body increases progressively from first to fifth lumbar vertebra.Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing 4 edition (February 23, 2007) Language: English. Choose from 500 different sets of the earth and its peoples chapter 28 flashcards on Quizlet.The pedicles are brief and powerful processes. It’s bigger than in the thoracic vertebrae but smaller than in the cervical vertebrae. The body has no costal facets on its sides.They’re homologous to the ribs in the thoracic region. The transverse processes are thin and tapering. The overlapping between the laminae of the adjoining vertebrae is minimal. The laminae are short, thick, and broad plates.
![]() Course Notes The Earth And Its Peoples 4Th Edition Free Ap WorldThe superior articular processes place further apart than the inferior articular processes. The facets on the superior articular processes are concave, which project backwards and medially. A vertical ridge near the tip indicates the anterior surface of every transverse process. This represents the true transverse process of the vertebra. Their base is connected to the entire thickness of the pedicle and encroaches on the side of the body. The transverse processes are thick, short, and pyramidal in shape. They bear convex articular facets, which face forward and laterally.Features of Atypical Fifth Lumbar Vertebra (L5)The fifth lumbar vertebra presents the subsequent atypical (recognizing) features: The inferior articular processes be located nearer to every other compared to the superior articular processes. This difference is in charge of sudden/ notable lumbosacral angle (120°). The vertical height of the anterior outermost layer of the body is more than that of the posterior surface. The body is largest of all lumbar vertebrae. The spine is small, short, least considerable, and rounded at the tip. The quadrangular amount so built differs in various lumbar vertebrae as provided in the box below. A four sided shape can be assembled by joining the 4 articular processes. The space between the inferior articular processes is equivalent or more than that between the superior articular processes.Fawcett’s rule for identification of individual lumbar vertebrae: According to this rule, an individual lumbar vertebra can be identified if it’s looked from behind. Psoas major originates by fleshy cases from upper and lower edges of all lumbar vertebrae. Left crus of diaphragm is connected on the front of upper 2 lumbar vertebral bodies. Right crus of diaphragm is connected on the front of upper 3 lumbar vertebral bodies. Posterior longitudinal ligament is connected on the upper and lower edges of lumbar vertebral bodies posteriorly. Anterior longitudinal ligament is connected on the upper and lower edges of lumbar vertebral bodies anteriorly. Supraspinous and interspinous ligaments are connected to the spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae. Posterior layer of thoraco-lumbar fascia is connected to the spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae. Ligamenta flava are connected to the laminae of adjacent vertebrae. ![]() The transverse process of L5 may joint with ala of sacrum and/or ilium and compress the L5 spinal nerve. The fusion could possibly be finished or incomplete. Two for annular epiphysis of the upper and lower surfaces of the body2.Two for tips of the transverse processes3.Two for mammillary processes 4.One for the tip of the spineThe portions derived from secondary centres fuse with rest of the bone at about 25 yearsClinical Significance Sacralization of The Fifth Lumbar VertebraIt’s thefusion of the fifth lumbar vertebra together with the sacrum. Uf microsoft word download for macIt’s the forward slipping of the fifth lumbar vertebra over the sacrum. Inferior articular processes of L5 vertebra normally interlock with all the articular processes of the sacrum. SpondylolysisIn this state, there’s a separation of body of 5th lumbar vertebra from vertebral arch bearing inferior articular process on 1 side only. In this state the meninges and spinal cord are exposed and could herniate outside in the midline via the gap. Spina BifidaIt happens because of non fusion of 2 halves of the vertebral arch. Medically, it presents as: It’s caused due tocompression of cauda equina- a leash of nerve roots of L2 to S1 around the filum terminale. This state may medically present as backache and pain radiating along the course of the sciatic nerve- sciatica.
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